# Transcript

The Transcript field displays variant description according to the Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) standard for coding DNA and protein changes.

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/Ff74m14zRmCZ5yWyVHCc" alt="" width="437"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

Some transcripts are marked with one or both indicators:

* **Checkmark** <img src="/files/A3FFybeBpdqH9bOAL9FQ" alt="" data-size="line">: Canonical transcript
* **Curate icon**<img src="/files/kbx6DEzYcJnXfwAmZcpk" alt="" data-size="line">: Transcript selected in your [Curate](broken://pages/JHmO0TJUuneVcw5IzKwJ) database.

Emedgene automatically selects a reference transcript according to predefined [prioritization rules](/emedgene/emedgene-analyze-manual/tertiary-analysis-pipeline/how_does_emedgene_analyze_prioritize_transcripts.md). The reference transcript determines:

* Main affected gene
* Main variant effect
* Coding DNA change and resulting protein change

## Changing the reference transcript

If the automatically selected transcript does not match your reporting preference, you can:

* **Select a different transcript\*** from the Transcript dropdown menu
* **Add a custom transcript** as part of a custom HGVS variant description (see below). You may need to add a custom HGVS variant description in the following cases:
  * The required transcript is not available in the suggested options
  * Certain variants, such as upstream or downstream gene variants, may be lacking an automatic HGVS description

{% hint style="info" %}

### **\*Transcript selection restriction to maintain variant-gene consistency**

When a variant occurs in a region shared by transcripts from different genes, Emedgene enforces a rule:

**You cannot select a transcript that belongs to a different gene than the variant's primary gene.**

This restriction prevents mismatches between the variant and its gene context, which could lead to incorrect interpretation. If you try to select a transcript from a non-primary gene, the option is blocked.

<img src="/files/DFTHcWAWqMtCt0xaPn8F" alt="" data-size="original">
{% endhint %}

### How to add a custom HGVS variant description

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/T79kEpz8twDjg5IDzq2Q" alt="" width="440"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

{% stepper %}
{% step %}
Click the plus icon next to the HGVS description box.
{% endstep %}

{% step %}
In the field, enter the notation in the correct format. Do not include spaces.

* **Coding change only:** `GENE,NM_123456:c.-123A>C`
* **Coding and protein change:** `GENE,NM_123456:c.123G>A,p.123Arg>His`
  {% endstep %}
  {% endstepper %}

Once added, a custom description becomes available for [reporting](/emedgene/emedgene-analyze-manual/case-completion-and-reporting/clinical_report.md).


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